Melasma

Melasma is a common skin condition affecting adults, presenting itself as darker patches of brown or greyish skin, most often on the cheeks, nose, chin and forehead. It is not solely a condition of the face, but can also affect any area of the body which is often exposed to the sun.

Melasma does not show as raised patches, it is flat and characterised by its colour being darker than the skin that surrounds it. Melasma more commonly affects women, and in particular, during pregnancy (up to 50% of women may suffer melasma, therefore earning itself the pseudonym ‘pregnancy mask’). Whilst men may also be affected, melasma is more common in people of darker skin tones, or those who tan very quickly. Melasma has no significant symptoms aside from discolouration, it does not itch and is not painful.
Melasma is not hereditary, although it is more common where a family history of the condition is apparent. The most common cause of melasma is stress and thyroid disease, which can be escalated through the enhancing of the production of cells that control pigment via sun exposure – along with less common factors like pregnancy and hormone treatments.
Melasma is not contagious, and nor will it develop to become malignant. The treatment of melasma varies, and can include chemical peels and medical grade skincare to improve the tone of the skin.